What is importers insurance? Find out why it's essential if your business imports products to Australia.
Importing goods into Australia carries with it a variety of risks, from goods being lost, stolen, damaged or destroyed, to importing goods that do not meet Australian standards and expose you to possible litigation.
Business insurance for importers means the importer is protected from loss or damage to their goods and from liability should the goods prove faulty or dangerous.
While cargo insurance may be included by the exporter, an importer needs to consider whether that insurance is adequate and is fairly priced. The importer may also want to consider whether they could pursue a claim effectively from an insurer based in another country.
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Why do importers need business insurance?
There has been a steady increase in imports into Australia over the last few years, particularly from countries such as China, where cheap labour costs mean cheaper prices for importers.
But with this increase in imports has come greater risk for importers, with shipping accidents more likely to happen due to overcrowded sea lanes. Increasing vigilance by Australian regulators has also meant that inferior or dangerous imported goods can now lead to heavy fines, product recalls and lawsuits against importers.
In such an environment, importers have little choice but to insure their goods against every possible eventuality, from the time they are manufactured overseas to the time they arrive at the warehouse door in Australia.
What types of risks do importers face?
Importers face numerous risks while their goods are in transit.
During manufacturing
Once they are manufactured, the goods are at risk of being lost or damaged during transportation from the manufacturer’s premises to the dock. There, they may face delays prior to shipping, such as problems with documentation and the possibility of pilfering or theft.
During transportation
Once the goods are loaded onto a cargo ship they can face a range of hazards including being damaged by seawater, being washed overboard in storms and being damaged or lost if the ship runs aground, sinks or capsizes.
Once they have arrived in Australia
When (and if) they arrive in Australia, they then face the risk of delays due to possible documentation problems, industrial action or customs delays. Once they leave the port, they then face the risk of loss or damage during transportation to the importer’s warehouse.
Even if the goods arrive uneventfully, if they are fragile or perishable in any way, they could still end up being damaged due to poor packaging or rough handling, or be spoilt due to delays in transit.
During distribution within Australia
Even once they are shipped out to retailers and appear on the shelves, the importer still faces risks. If the goods are found to be faulty or cause injury to consumers, the importer faces a product recall at best and at worst, the prospect of a lawsuit.
When is business insurance compulsory for importers?
Business insurance isn’t technically mandatory for importing to Australia, but you might find it hard to get very far without it.
International Commercial Terms (Incoterms) will often specify insurance requirements, in which case having insurance might be mandatory, and beyond that it’s simply common sense to protect your investments.
What are Incoterms?
Incoterms are essentially a set of pre-made trade agreements used to divide costs between buyers and sellers and streamline international trade.
They determine who’s going to be responsible for costs like import duties, handling and insurance for goods in transit.
Only two of the Incoterms specify that the seller is responsible for insuring goods in transit, and in many cases the importer will need to organise their own insurance.
What type of insurance do importers need to consider?
In addition to any of your more general business insurance needs, there are three types of cover that relate specifically to the importing or exporting of goods:
- Public and products liability
- Cover for stock in storage
- Goods in transit cover
These can cover many of the types of losses importers might risk.
Which of these products is right for my importing business?
Insurance is typically priced by risk, so your costs will tend to match your cover needs when buying through a broker.
For example, if you’re using a contractor to carry goods by road then you might not be paying as much for trucking liability insurance. But if your own business is doing the trucking, your liability insurance might cost more.
Speak to a broker
The cost and ideal type of cover will depend on your situation, and might be most effectively bought through a broker.
With a broker, you might have a policy for your main business assets and operations and then simply call your broker to set up a policy as needed for each new load of cargo.
What does business insurance for importers cover?
Business insurance for importers can be divided into two main types: cargo insurance and products liability insurance. Cargo insurance covers the importer’s goods during transit and products liability insurance covers the importer in the event that the goods are found to be faulty or dangerous.
There are three main types of cargo insurance:
- Open cover insurance. This insures an importer’s cargo on all journeys over a set period of time (often annually).
- Single transit insurance. This provides cargo insurance for one journey only, from warehouse to warehouse.
- Contingency insurance. This provides additional cover if the importer has not arranged the insurance themselves.
While terms and conditions may vary and importers may require special conditions to cover specific cargoes and circumstances, cargo insurance will usually cover situations such as:
- Overturning or derailment during land transportation
- Stranding, grounding, sinking or capsizing
- Loss overboard during loading or unloading
- Washing overboard, if cargo is on deck
- Seawater damage
- Jettison
- Fire or explosion
- Malicious damage
- Theft or pilferage
A cargo insurance broker can find you the best price on cargo insurance and make sure that it is adequate for your needs. They can also assist you with any claims that might arise.
Why are importers sometimes considered manufacturers?
The second type of importers business insurance is products liability insurance and this is just as important, if not more so, than cargo insurance.
Under the Trade Practices Act (now known as the Competition and Consumer Act), an importer is ultimately responsible for the safety of any product they introduce into the Australian marketplace.
Furthermore, if the manufacturer of the product does not have a place of business in Australia, the importer is deemed to be the manufacturer and is accountable for all aspects of the product’s design and safety in litigation.
So if you don’t have full control over the product’s manufacture, including the raw materials used to make it that often come from foreign third party suppliers, you would be well advised to have products liability insurance in case of unforeseen problems down the track.
There has been large-scale product recalls in recent years, both in Australia and in the US, and two thirds of those in the US were for imported products largely made in China. So, rather than risking becoming a target for litigation, importers need to cover themselves with products liability insurance.
Products liability insurance will usually cover things such as:
- Court costs and legal defence fees
- The cost of care, loss of services and restitution for death, resulting from an injury found to be caused by the product
- Costs for damage or loss of use of property found to be caused by the product
Can importers get income protection?
It's possible for importers to also get an income protection policy to protect personal income against injuries or illnesses that force you or key people out of work. A good place to start is by speaking to an adviser:
Business insurance for importers FAQ
Q. I always buy on CIF (Cost, Insurance & Freight) terms, so why should I change?
- A. When you buy on CIF terms, you will have to deal with a foreign insurance company if there is a claim. This can be difficult as there is often a language barrier and you will not be a high priority for them. Also CIF does not usually cover the transportation from the manufacturer to the port, so effectively your goods are uninsured during this period.
Q. Will my transportation carrier pay my losses?
- A. No. Your transportation carrier is not obliged to reimburse you for any losses that occur beyond their control. If they do pay you anything, it will probably not cover the cost of your goods, as carriers limit their liability for loss according to their tariff.
Q. What is domestic cargo insurance coverage?
- A. This needs to be added to the cargo insurance policy when the goods are being split into separate cargoes, bound for separate end destinations. Domestic cargo insurance will cover each of these separate cargoes during transit.
Q. Is warehouse coverage included in an annual all-risk cargo insurance policy?
- A. Yes, if the goods are stored in a warehouse during the normal course of transit. If they have to be stored outside the normal course of transit for any reason (such as before they are shipped to the retailer), the importer would need to take out additional warehouse coverage.
Q. What is an all-risk cargo insurance policy?
- A. This is the most general type of shipping insurance and it covers any kind of loss or damage from any external cause. Often taken out on an annual basis by importers, it automatically insures their cargo at a set rate and according to set terms and conditions.
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Some forms of insurance are absolutely essential and importers insurance is one of them. With the increased risk of loss or damage to goods during transit and the increased likelihood of being held accountable for the safety of their products in Australia, it is a brave importer indeed who thinks they don’t need business insurance for importers.
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Hi there,
Myself and my business partner are starting up a new business of importing hair extensions, brushes, lash extensions and accessories to sell online and in our Salon. I’m just wondering because it’s a new business what insurance would we need to go for?
Hi Lauren,
Thank you for your question.
An advisor can help you in deciding the type of cover you need, please complete the contact form on the top of this page. Once you have done so an adviser will contact you.
Cheers,
Zubair