Debt consolidation loans

You can combine your existing loans and debts into a single loan with a debt consolidation loan. This means you won't have to juggle multiple repayment terms. You also won't have to pay different rates for different loans.

While this sounds ideal, a debt consolidation loan is only helpful if it is cheaper than your current debt. The goal is to help you reduce your overall debt and make it easier to manage your money.

What is a debt consolidation loan and how does it work?

A debt consolidation loan is a personal loan taken out with the purpose of using the money to pay off your other debts.

If you have consumer debts from multiple sources, for example several credit cards and a personal loan, then you'll have bills due on different days. The repayment amounts will also be different. Managing multiple bills due at different times can be overwhelming.

You could even miss a payment because it's difficult to keep track of when the payments are due. You could also miss a payment because you're having financial difficulties and cannot meet your repayments on time.

Whatever the reason, a debt consolidation loan will allow you to roll all your debts into a single loan.

With the loan funds, you can pay off your other debts and maintain a single credit account. You won't be debt-free just yet, but you won't have multiple debts hanging over you either. You'll have a set repayment date, a single set of repayments to make and a single interest rate.

With just one debt payment to make, it will be easier for you to manage, track and make your repayments. It can give you greater control over your finances and a clearer timeline of when you will be debt-free.

While a debt consolidation loan may sound like a perfect solution, it can only help you if it costs less than all your other loans combined. You may have the ease of a single recurring repayment, but your financial burden will not be eased if it costs more.

In your calculations, you should factor in not only the overall cost of the loan but also the cost associated with exiting other loan contracts.

Situations where a debt consolidation loan could help you

Here's when a debt consolidation loan can be helpful:

• You have multiple debts with different fees. These could include debts from credit cards, personal loans, car loans or student loans.
• You're struggling to make repayments for the different debts you owe.
• You're looking for a cheaper way to pay off your debts.
• You find that keeping track of all your debts is confusing and/or overwhelming.

Steps to consolidating your debts with a personal loan

1. Work out how much you need to borrow to cover your debts. Here's how:
   • First, make a list of all your debts. You can do this by checking your credit report for free here. This will include details of the credit products you hold as well as your credit inquiries, defaults and repayment history. Alternatively, you could also sign into your online accounts to retrieve your current account balance.
   • Write down how much you owe, matching the debt with the total amount due. If you have credit card debt, write down the outstanding amount. The same goes for your other debts.
   • Check with the service provider if there is an early exit fee. Some personal loans, for example, come with break fees.
   • Add the amount owed plus any exit fees to calculate how much you owe in total.
   • Calculate how much interest you will pay with your current debts. Compare this to the total interest you'll pay with the new loan.
   • Before you take out a debt consolidation loan, you should look into whether you can manage without the loan.

   If you have the means to pay off your debts without taking out another loan, you should consider that first.

   It doesn't have to be all the debt, but any small debt you can pay off without a loan should be settled. This way, the total amount you have to borrow is reduced, so you'll have less debt.

2. Research and compare personal loan products to find one that meets your needs. Personal loans are usually suited for debt amounts from $8,000 up to $50,000.
3. Compare your total debt with the debt you'll be incurring with the new personal loan. Does it cost more to take out a new personal loan? If yes, do not proceed with taking out the loan. Talk to a financial adviser instead to work out strategies on how to manage your existing debt.
4. If it's cheaper for you to take out a new personal loan and consolidate your debt, then you can apply for the personal loan. Make sure you check the eligibility criteria to see if you meet them.
5. Use the funds to pay off your other debts, along with any fees or charges.
6. Continue to make repayments on your personal loan until it has been repaid. There are other methods you can use to consolidate debt. This can include using a credit card. You can read our comprehensive guide to debt consolidation here.

What are the dos and don'ts of debt consolidation loans?

Dos

• Factor in all the costs of consolidating your debt.
  This includes fees for the new loan. Include establishment fees, monthly fees, early repayment fees, loan application fees and any other costs.
  Use a personal loan calculator to work out how much you'll be paying and make sure the cost of consolidating is less than what you're currently paying.

• Consider a secured loan.
  The interest rate for an unsecured loan is higher than that of a secured loan. By offering an asset (like your car) as security, you could get a lower interest rate. This could potentially save you more money over the life of your loan.

• Speak to your current lenders first.
  Try negotiating with your current lenders to factor in your financial situation. See if they can temporarily pause or lower your loan payments.

• Read the fine print.
  As with any loan, you should read the fine print. This will help you understand specific details, such as your repayment schedule (monthly or fortnightly repayments) and whether you can make extra repayments without being penalised.

Don'ts

• Don't switch to a longer term without calculating the cost.
  You may have lower monthly repayments, but the overall cost of the loan could be higher. This is because you'll be paying interest for longer. Account for this cost in your calculations if you're looking at a longer term loan.

• Don't forget to check if your new credit provider is credible.
  Always make sure the lender is registered with ASIC. You can do this by checking if the lender is listed on ASIC's Professional Registers. Be wary of companies that try to rush through the process, make unrealistic promises or ask you to sign blank documents.

• Avoid rolling your debts into your mortgage.
  Home loans generally have longer terms. Adding your debts into your mortgage could lead to paying more interest over the life of your loan. This means a potentially costlier, long-term debt.

• Don't get into more debt.
  You should stop relying on credit cards or other loans until your existing debts are settled. The more money you can put towards making your repayments, the faster you can get out of debt.

How can I calculate if a debt consolidation loan is right for me?

Case study: Laura's debt consolidation calculation

Laura has $23,000 in total debt. Her debt includes the following amounts left to pay:

• Unsecured personal loan – $10,000 at 18% p.a.
• Car loan – $8,000 at 16% p.a.
• Credit card loan – $5,000 at 20% p.a.

If Laura takes out a debt consolidation loan, her total debt remains the same.

However, the difference lies in how much Laura pays for her new loan every month. Her current repayments come up to a total of $950 per month while her new monthly repayments will be $707.91 per month.

With the debt consolidation loan, Laura's monthly repayments will be reduced by $242.09 per month because the overall interest for her new loan is less than that of her current loans. She will save $3,142* overall over the 3-year loan term.

Laura also knows she will be out of debt in 3 years and she only has to manage 1 repayment per month.

*Assuming there are no penalty charges for repaying loans early.

What are the pros and cons of debt consolidation loans?

Pros

• Simple, single repayment.
• You can reduce your overall payments and costs.
• No more phone calls from debt collectors.

Cons

• It is yet another loan to manage.
• You will need to pay any fees or charges for breaking your existing loans.
• You may increase your financial burden if you fail to make repayments.

What are the other debt consolidation methods available?

Debt consolidation loans are not the only type of credit if you're struggling with debt. Based on your needs and the type of debt you have, you could also look into the following options. However, you should carefully consider the consequences of any of these options.

• Balance transfer credit cards. If you have credit card debt across multiple accounts, you could consolidate it into a single card with a balance transfer. You will pay 0% interest for a specific period of time. Some card providers offer up to 24 months interest-free. However, if you fail to pay your debt during the interest-free period, you may end up paying higher interest after this period. Certain credit card providers also let you balance transfer personal loan debt to a credit card. You will need good credit to be approved for this. Keep in mind that every credit enquiry recorded on your credit file will affect your score.

• Part 9 Debt Agreements. If you're having trouble paying your debt, you could enter into a debt agreement with a third-party organisation and your creditors. The agreement essentially freezes the interest you're paying and gives you a certain repayment period to pay back what you owe. Some creditors agree to accept less than the full balance for repaying your debt. However, this method shouldn't be entered into lightly. It is considered a form of bankruptcy and has long-term repercussions. It will be listed on your credit report for 5 years and can result in you having difficulty accessing credit in the future.

• Credit counselling. You can enlist the services of a reputable credit counselling organisation to formulate a Debt Management Plan (DMP). Once you enrol in a DMP, the creditors will often reduce your interest rates. Afterwards, you will need to make 1 monthly payment to the counselling organisation. This organisation will handle the repayment to your creditors. This is an option if you can repay your debt within 5 years, but it isn't a decision that should be taken lightly. This should only be entered into if you're having difficulty repaying your debts on your own. There are also fees to consider, and depending on the solution offered, your credit score could take a hit.

How can I get a debt consolidation loan with bad credit?

There are a few ways you can consolidate your debt if you have bad credit:

• Apply for an unsecured personal loan with a specialist lender. Some lenders offer large, unsecured personal loans for people with bad credit. Interest rates are higher than with standard personal loans, but you may still be able to reduce what you're currently paying.
• Consider a Part 9 Debt Agreement. A debt agreement is a form of bankruptcy. It is an option for people with large debts they are unable to repay. The financier will negotiate with lenders on your behalf, and your debts won't accrue more interest. However, this agreement will be listed on your credit file for 5 years from the date you enter into it, which can have long-term consequences for your credit score.

How can I compare bad credit debt consolidation loans?

Like any debt or loan solution, it's important to compare your options to find the best solution possible. Here are some things to keep in mind when comparing bad credit debt consolidation loans:

• The lender needs to be reputable. Unfortunately, there are disreputable lenders who prey on those with bad credit. They promise loans but charge high rates and fees. Before submitting an application for a loan, you should look at the lender's website and note how easy it is to locate information. Check if the lender is easily contactable and even read some third-party customer reviews online. You should also check if it's registered with ASIC.

• Fees are expected, but they shouldn't be excessive. To find out how fair the fee structure is, compare options online and look at what other lenders are charging. Some common fees include loan establishment fees, monthly account-keeping fees, additional repayment fees, default fees and dishonour fees. You should also check if there are fees for using certain features, such as fees for additional repayments or redraw facilities.
• Rates need to be reasonable. The point of a debt consolidation loan is to save money through reduced interest. If the rate charged is too high, there may be no savings, and you could even end up worse off. You should compare your options to gauge what a reasonable, competitive interest rate is.
• Loan terms should meet your debt consolidation needs. The terms will affect how much your repayments are as well as how much interest you will be paying over the course of the loan.
• What you're able to consolidate may differ between lenders. Some lenders may allow you to consolidate any debts from open accounts, but there may be limits. Other lenders may only allow you to consolidate credit card debt or only personal loan debt. You should make sure you'll be able to consolidate what you need when comparing your options.

How can I apply for a debt consolidation loan?

👁 To apply for a debt consolidation loan, you should first compare lenders. Look at the fees, terms and eligibility criteria and find a loan that suits you.

🔍 Once you've settled on a lender from the table above, click "Go to site" to visit the lender's website.

✍ You can submit an online application. Keep all the documents required handy. This will speed up the process.

Frequently asked questions

• I'm on Centrelink. Can I still apply for a debt consolidation loan?

  Some lenders class Centrelink as income you can use to service your loan. It's important to find out if your lender accepts Centrelink recipients. If you're on Newstart or Youth Allowance, you may need to speak to your creditors and work out a repayment plan.

• Which banks offer debt consolidation loans?

  Most major banks offer debt consolidation loans. There are also alternative lenders, like online banks and peer-to-peer lenders. Credit unions may offer debt consolidation loans too. You should shop around to find one that works best for you.

• My current bank offers a debt consolidation loan. Should I apply?

  There are definite advantages in applying with your current bank. It may be more willing to approve you as you have an existing relationship with it. It also has a clear idea of your incomings and outgoings. At the same time, it may not offer the best deal. You may want to compare your options to work out how competitive its products are. You should then talk to your bank before applying to discuss your eligibility.

• What happens if my application for a debt consolidation loan gets rejected?

  If your application gets rejected, you should allow for a cooling-off period. Making too many applications in a short period will result in many hard credit checks. This can affect your credit score. You should take some time to improve your score and give yourself several months before applying. By improving your score, you can increase your chances of getting credit.

• I have some equity in my home. Should I refinance and consolidate debts that way?

  It may be worth considering if you have a large amount of debt to consolidate or if you believe it is the most cost-effective option. You can read our guide to refinancing your home to consolidate debt for more information.

• How can I improve my credit score?

  You can read our guide on improving your credit score here. The good news is that your score gets updated every month. This means that the steps you take to improve it now will pay off sooner rather than later.

• Can I consolidate more than one credit card?

  Yes, you can roll all your credit cards into a new consolidated loan. If you have one card with a $6,400 limit at 19.99% p.a., another with a $1,000 limit at 13.49% p.a. and an "interest-free" store card, you can consolidate them into a new loan.

• What is the interest rate of a debt consolidation loan?

  This will depend not only on the lender but also on your credit score. Most lenders now advertise rates starting from a particular percentage. The better your credit score, the lower your rate. If your score is middling, you can expect a higher rate. You can check the table above for a comparison of interest rates.

• Is it difficult to qualify for a debt consolidation loan?

  The eligibility criteria vary between lenders. You may find it easier to qualify with some lenders and for some loans than others. It will also depend on your credit history. A secured loan, for instance, is less risky for lenders as there is security attached. If your credit history isn't great, you may have a better chance of getting a secured loan than an unsecured loan.

• How long does it take to get approved for a debt consolidation loan?

  This will depend entirely on the lender. Some lenders offer quick applications and quick approvals. They may respond within minutes or hours of submitting your application.

• What's the difference between debt consolidation and a debt agreement?

  A debt consolidation loan is a standard personal loan product that allows you to consolidate your current debts into a single debt. A debt agreement is usually taken out by people with large debts and bad credit histories. It is a form of bankruptcy. Make sure you look into the terms of the loan and the effect it will have on your credit file.