Which cryptocurrency hardware wallet comes out on top?
Trezor and Ledger have coexisted as the leading manufacturers of two of the most popular cryptocurrency hardware wallets in the world since 2014.
They're still releasing new products, and this guide compares each of their bestsellers to see how they stack up against one another.
The prices and information used in this comparison is accurate as of 5 February 2019.
How does each compare on:
Trezor vs Ledger: The numbers
Ledger Nano S |
Trezor One |
Ledger Nano X |
Trezor Model T |
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| Price | AUD$109 | EUR€69 | AUD$199 | EUR€149 |
| Dimensions | 57x17.4x9mm | 60x30x6mm | 72x18.6x11.75mm | 64x39x10mm |
| Display | 128x32 pixel OLED screen | 128x64 pixel OLED screen | 128x64 pixel OLED screen | 240x240 pixel colour RGB LCD touchscreen |
| Processor | Secure element chips | ARM Cortex-M3 processor @ 120Mhz (embedded on STM32 F microcontroller) |
Secure element chips | ARM Cortex-M4 processor @ 168Mhz |
| Connection | USB | USB, WebUSB | USB, Bluetooth | USB-C, WebUSB |
| Compatibility | PC | PC, Mobile | PC, Mobile | PC, Mobile |
| Backup | 12-24 word seed phrase | 24-word seed phrase | 12-24 word seed phrase | 12-24 word seed phrase |
| Cryptocurrencies supported | 1,000+ | ~750 | 1,000+ | ~750 |
| Operating temperatures | -25°C to 50°C | -20°C to 60°C | 0°C to 40°C | -20°C to 60°C |
| Free shipping |
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| Learn more | ||||
| Buy now |
Find out more about what makes hardware wallets so secure
Ledger Nano S vs Trezor One
As first generation wallets, both the Ledger Nano S (left) and the Trezor One (right) were released in 2014.
Ledger Nano X vs Trezor Model T
The Ledger Nano X (left) was released in 2019 while the Trezor Model T (right) was released in 2018.
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Price
Ledger Nano X vs Trezor Model T
| Wallet | Release year | Price |
|---|---|---|
| Trezor Model T | 2018 | EUR€149 (AUD$239) |
| Ledger Nano X | 2019 | AUD$199 |
The latest Ledger has a solid price advantage over the Trezor, coming in at about $40 cheaper. And you can find even lower prices on older models.
Ledger Nano S vs Trezor One
| Wallet | Release year | Price |
|---|---|---|
| Trezor One | 2014 | EUR€69 (AUD$110) |
| Ledger Nano S | 2014 | AUD$109 |
On these too, the Ledger comes in a fraction cheaper. This is par for the course for Ledger, which has cemented its position in the market in part by being one of the cheapest full-featured hardware wallets around.
Winner: Ledger
Across both generations, the Ledger comes in at a better price. With free shipping on top of that, Ledger ends up even further ahead.
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Security
Both Ledger and Trezor have maintained similar security records across their devices.
| Wallet | Notable hacks |
|---|---|
| Trezor One |
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| Trezor Model T |
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| Ledger Nano S |
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| Ledger Nano X |
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There have never been confirmed reports of anyone losing their cryptocurrency with any of these wallets due to a fault in the wallet itself.
Both Trezor and Ledger have previously had their products flagged for allegedly being vulnerable if someone manages to get their hands on the device itself, but no serious practical attacks have been demonstrated.
Both also offer similar seed phrases, and similar security features such as duress passwords and hidden wallets.
Both wallets have similar security track records, but they achieve this security in quite different ways.
- Trezor hardware wallets. These forego the use of secure elements, opting instead for open-source wallet design and firmware.
- Ledger hardware wallets. These use secure elements in the wallets themselves, while the firmware itself remains closed source for now.
There is no industry consensus on which method provides better security, and neither is guaranteed to be 100% secure. It's a constantly evolving area and these differences are the subject of ongoing debate. Both companies have taken periodic pot shots at the other.
In March 2019 Ledger announced that its security team had managed to crack Trezor wallets due to vulnerabilities resulting from its lack of a secure element, but the main vulnerabilities were quickly fixed.
Trezor maintains that
- Ledger is incautiously over-reliant on secure elements as a "guarantee" of security.
- Ledger's firmware is not open source so it cannot be as reliable as Trezor.
- No piece of hardware is 100% secure and the illusion of complete security is dangerous.
Ledger rebuts these claims by saying
- The use of secure elements is considered industry best practice for a reason.
- Trezor's claim to open-source firmware creates a false distinction because it's not possible to verify whether that's the firmware in any given device without destroying it.
- The reason Ledger's firmware isn't open source is because of non-disclosure agreements, not because it relies on secrecy for security.
Winner: Ledger
Trezor's open-sourcing does offer a degree of reassurance that's absent from Ledger. However, it's not the be all and end all.
Arguably, Ledger's higher sales figures could present a similar point in its favour. If there are more Ledger devices on the market, there's more certainty of it being "unhackable" in the wild. Plus, Ledger is in the process of open-sourcing its firmware, although to date it's been slow going.
Also, Trezor did have an actual vulnerability at once point back in 2015, while as far as anyone knows Ledger never has. It was quickly fixed after discovery, but involved using an oscilloscope to analyse the device's power usage in a way that would let an attacker decipher private keys.
The Ledger team found another similar vulnerability in Trezor wallets in 2019, along with other potential issues.
Plus, secure elements are widely regarded as the industry standard, so popular opinion may be on Ledger's side.
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Ease of use
One of the main usability features on hardware wallets is the size and clarity of the screen, and both the Trezor and the Ledger have made significant upgrades to their screen in the most recent generation.
| Wallet | Screen size |
|---|---|
| Trezor One | 128x64 pixels |
| Trezor Model T | 240x240 pixels |
| Ledger Nano S | 128x32 pixels |
| Ledger Nano X | 128x64 pixels |
The Trezor Model T, in particular, is distinguished by its uncommonly large screen.
The reason a large screen can make hardware wallets easier to use is because you need to be able to clearly read details (such as wallet addresses) on the screen to confirm them against what's on your phone or computer when you're sending funds.
This larger screen size does equal a slightly bulkier shape though.
| Wallet | Dimensions | Weight |
|---|---|---|
| Trezor Model T | 64x39x10mm | 16g |
| Ledger Nano X | 72x18.6x11.75mm | 34g |
The Trezor is a squarer device than the Ledger, although it's less than half the weight. In either case, though, they're both small enough that you'd be hard-pressed to really feel the difference.
Other than the dimensions, the primary difference when actually using the devices might be that the Trezor has a touchscreen while the Ledger has physical buttons instead.
Winner: Trezor
The larger colour touch screen brings more intuitiveness to the Trezor Model T.
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Cryptocurrency support
| Wallet | Number of cryptocurrencies supported |
|---|---|
| Trezor | Around 750 |
| Ledger | 1,000+ |
Software-wise, Ledger and Trezor both offer a degree of standardisation for their devices by providing programs specially designed to pair with the wallets. When you want to use a specific currency, you can download the individual cryptocurrency "app" for your wallet.
Winner: Ledger
Ledger supports more cryptocurrencies, and not all of the ones missing from Trezor are obscure.
Most notably, Trezor hardware wallets lack support for DAG-based cryptocurrencies such as IOTA and NANO.
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Read our in-depth beginner's guide to cryptocurrency wallets.
